Digital Transformation and Artificial Intelligence in Public Economic Institutions: A Comparative Study of Algeria Post, Malaysian Public Institutions, and European AI Benchmarks

Abstract

Abstract: This study examines the contribution of digital transformation and artificial intelligence to improving the financial performance of public economic institutions. It adopts a comparative analytical approach involving Algeria Post, Malaysian public institutions, and European artificial intelligence benchmarks in public administration. The study aims to analyze how different levels of digital maturity influence operational efficiency, financial performance, service quality, and institutional effectiveness. Algeria Post is considered as a representative case of an emerging digital transformation process, while Malaysian public institutions illustrate advanced digital governance practices. European benchmarks provide insights into the integration of artificial intelligence within public sector management and decision-making processes. The analysis is based on secondary data collected from official reports, international institutional publications, and recent academic studies. A three-stage digital maturity framework is proposed, consisting of basic digitalization, advanced digital transformation, and AI-enabled intelligent governance. The findings indicate that higher levels of digital maturity are associated with improvements in operational efficiency, service delivery, resource allocation, and financial management. The analysis also highlights the potential of artificial intelligence applications in predictive analytics, fraud detection, and data-driven decision-making. Despite recent progress, Algeria Post continues to face challenges related to digital infrastructure, automation capacity, and data integration. The study concludes that sustainable improvements in financial performance require a gradual transition from traditional digitalization toward more advanced forms of intelligent governance. It recommends strengthening digital infrastructure, expanding digital public services, and developing institutional capacities for the future adoption of artificial intelligence technologies.